He was a powerful thinker, but an obscure and prolix writer. A biblical commentary is a written systematic series of explanations and interpretations of Scripture. While some effort is made to explain a biblical book, the purpose of this type of commentary, such as Hebrews by J. Vernon McGee, is to edify believers and help them see ways to live out what the Bible … This is an outline of commentaries and commentators. On the destruction of Jerusalem several rabbis, learned in this Law, settled at Jamnia, near the sea, twenty-eight miles west of Jerusalem. The article includes discussion of the Targums, Mishna, and Talmuds, which are not regarded as Bible commentaries in the modern sense of the word, but which provide the foundation for later commentary. The posthumous writings of Reimarus were published by Lessing between 1774-78 (The Fragments of Wolfenbüttel). The great representatives of this school were Diodorus, Theodore of Mopsuestia, and St. John Chrysostom. 2 Peter & Jude. Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (Print Only) This series is an edited collection of early Christian writers' comments on the Bible in English translation. 1 book covers 1 book of the Bible, gives highly specific and detailed information A list of such commentaries is given in The Jewish Encyclopedia. His work was called Postillæ, i. e. post illa (verba textus), because the explanation followed the words of the text. Cornelius a Lapide, S. J. During forty years he devoted himself to teaching and to the composition of his great work, which has been highly praised by Protestants as well as Catholics. library@up.edu | 503.943.7111 or 800.841.8261 | 5000 N. Willamette Blvd., Portland, OR 97203-5798 © 2020 University of Portland, All Rights Reserved | Icons made by Freepik from www.flaticon.com. [1] The Targums (the most famous of which is that on the Pentateuch erroneously attributed to Onkelos, a misnomer for Aquila, according to Abrahams) were the only approach to anything like a commentary on the Bible before the time of Christ. The Venerable Bede (seventh to eighth century), a good Greek and Hebrew scholar, wrote a useful commentary on most of the books of the Old and the New Testament. Controversy showed them the necessity of devoting more attention to the literal meaning of the text, according to the wise principle laid down by St. Thomas in the beginning of his "Summa Theologica". The comparison chart below is a quick-reference guide to 75 different Bible commentary series. Almost all commentaries attempt to explain the passage in terms of some system of theology. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. They are … Most of the patristic commentaries are in the form of homilies, or discourses to the faithful, and range over the whole of Scripture. The history of Christian exegesis may be roughly divided into three periods: the Age of the Fathers, the Age of Catenæ and Scholia (seventh to sixteenth century), and the Age of Modern Commentaries (sixteenth to twentieth century). Sign in to your UP Library Search account to see requesting options. Psalms by Willem A. VanGemeren is volume five of a twelve … There are two types of bible commentaries that are available as eBooks: Single volume commentary. Bible Commentaries Comparison Chart. For a list of Catholic publications on the Scripture, the reader may be referred to the "Revue biblique", edited by Lagrange (Jerusalem and Paris), and the "Biblische Zeitschrift', published by Herder (Freiburg im Breisgau). Discussed are the salient points of Jewish, patristic, medieval, and modern commentaries on the Bible. Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary 28. destruction—literally, "breaking into shivers" (Re 2:27). Cultural. In his other works Origen pushed the allegorical interpretation to the utmost extreme. According to the "Fragments", Moses, Christ, and the Apostles were impostors. Jerome, besides his translations of Scripture and other works, left many commentaries, in some of which he departed from the literal meaning of the text. 1 Peter. Farrar, in his "Life of Christ", says that it has been suggested that when Christ visited the Temple, at twelve years of age, there may have been present among the doctors Jonathan ben Uzziel, once thought the author of the Yonathan Targum, and the venerable teachers Hillel and Shammai, the handers-on of the Mishna. Or it may discuss the historical background. For further information concerning the principal Catholic commentators see respective articles. originated with Moses. Most of the scholia, in which he chiefly sought the literal sense, are unfortunately lost, but it is supposed that their substance is embodied in the writings of St. John Chrysostom and other Fathers. It is written in Mishnaic Hebrew, and consists of six great divisions or orders, each division containing, on an average, about ten tractates, each tractate being made up of several chapters. ), maintained that the Scriptures were genuine productions, but that, as the Jews saw the intervention of God in the most ordinary natural occurrences, the miracles should be explained naturally. See these resources in Tyndale Seminary's Old Testament Reading Room and New Testament Reading Room. Bellarmine, one of the first Christians to write a Hebrew grammar, composed a valuable commentary on the Psalms, giving an exposition of the Hebrew, Septuagint, and Vulgate texts. applied to the Messiah, as they are in Gospel of Matthew 22:44 (referenced from Psalm 110:1), though Rashi following the Rabbis interpreted the words in the sense of applying them to Abraham. The earliest known commentary on Christian scriptures was by a Gnostic named Heracleon in the 170s CE. The Talmud, then, consists of the Mishna (traditions from 450 BC till 200 AD), together with a commentary thereon, Gemara, the latter being composed about 200-500 AD. These two works are still of the greatest help to the student. The chief writers of the Alexandrian School were: Its chief characteristic was the allegorical method. However, if you've been down the commentary aisle at … Devotional commentaries focus on the ... Expositional or homiletical commentaries. Abraham Ibn Ezra of Toledo (died 1168) had a good knowledge of Oriental languages and wrote learned commentaries on the Old Testament. Thematic commentaries. He had much influence, and was followed by Wessely, Jarosław, Homberg, Euchel, Friedlander, Hertz, Herxheimer, Ludwig Philippson, etc., called "Biurists", or expositors. His book, Cup of Salvation, also known as Cup of Salvation: A Powerful Journey Through King David's Psalms of Praise, which was published by the Center for Jewish–Christian Understanding and Cooperation (CJCUC) in 2017, is a devotional biblical commentary on Psalms 113-118 otherwise known as the Hallel. Whoever had not seen it was not supposed to have beheld the glory of Israel. However, if you've been down the commentary aisle at … He wrote short notes or Postillæ on the entire Bible, and set forth the literal meaning with great ability, especially of the books written in Hebrew. He held that the New Testament contains the writings of two antagonistic parties amongst the Apostles and early Christians. The greatest advocate of such views was de Wette (1780–1849), a pupil of Paulus. From the year 500 till the Middle Ages the rabbis (geonim) in Babylonia and elsewhere were engaged in commenting on the Talmud and reconciling it with the Bible. 1 book covers 1 book of the Bible, gives highly specific and detailed information You can follow him on Twitter. Juan Maldonato, a Spanish Jesuit, born 1584, wrote commentaries on Isaias, Baruch, Ezechiel, Daniel, Psalms, Proverbs, Canticles (Song of Solomon), and Ecclesiastes. FOCUSed15 Christian Podcast - Season 3 - Episode 11 Though certainly not absolutely necessary for Bible study, having access to commentaries when you are studying a passage of Scripture can be super-helpful. Bible Study Toolbox . This work was most popular, and in frequent use during the late Middle Ages, and Martin Luther was indebted to it. A visitor to Alexandria at the time when Christ was preaching in Galilee would find there and in its vicinity Jews using the Septuagint as their Bible, and could enter their Great Synagogue. The great representative of this school was Origen (died 254). The writings of Marie-Joseph Lagrange (Les Juges), Albert Condamin (Isaïe), Theodore Calmes (Saint Jean), Albin van Hoonacker (Les Douze Petits Prophètes). 1 book covers the entire Bible; gives general information, a brief overview; Book length commentary. xxxiii, ad Paulam). 1 The word-for-word versions most accurately follow the Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek texts. Types of Commentaries. One of the most successful at this was Rabbi Akiba who took part in the Third Jewish Revolt of Bar Kochba, against the Romans, and lost his life (135). https://www.propreacher.com/the-best-commentaries-for-every-book-of-the-bible For example, Pagan systems may have natural religion highly developed, but, from a Judeo-Christian point of view, with much concomitant error. The opinions of the English rationalists were disseminated on the Continent by Voltaire and others. There are two types of bible commentaries that are available as eBooks: Single volume commentary. As has been said, the importance of biblical hermeneutics has lain in the Bible’s status as a sacred book in Judaism and Christianity, recording a divine revelation or reproducing divine oracles.The “oracles” are primarily prophetic utterances, but often their narrative setting has also come to acquire oracular status. This Oral Law consists of legal and liturgical interpretations and applications of the Pentateuch. The phrase “thus For aggregated reviews of Bible commentaries, see the website Best Commentaries. Types of Preterism and more! Origen became the master of many great saints and scholars, one of the most celebrated being St. Gregory Thaumaturgus; he was known as the "Adamantine" on account of his incessant application to study, writing, lecturing, and works of piety. Use the search box on this page to search for: [name of your book of the Bible] commentary. Commentaries are widely used in personal Bible study. The influx of Greek scholars into Italy after the fall of Constantinople, the Christian and anti-Christian Renaissance, the invention of printing, the controversial excitement caused by the rise of Protestantism, and the publication of polyglot Bibles by Cardinal Ximenes and others, gave renewed interest in the study of the Bible among Catholic scholars. Three Types of Bible Commentaries Devotional: for personal study; written for a general audience and not a contribution to a professional or scholarly discourse . A Bible commentary is a series of notes explaining the meaning of passages of Scripture. Many preachers have these type of commentaries. 1 Peter. Types of Commentaries . Some study Bibles, such as the John MacArthur Study Bible or the Ryrie Study Bible, come with extensive notes; such editions of the Bible are essentially a commentary printed side-by-side with the text. When St. Thomas Aquinas was asked by one of his brethren whether he would not like to be the owner of Paris, so that he could dispose of it to the King of France and with the proceeds promote the good works of his order, he answered that he would prefer to be the possessor of Chrysostom's Super Matthæum. New York: Robert Appleton Company. They were interpretative translations or paraphrases from Hebrew into Aramaic for the use of the synagogues when, after the Exile, the people had lost the knowledge of Hebrew. Besides commentaries on the Bible, Saadiah wrote a systematic treatise bringing revealed religion into harmony with Greek philosophy. Theodore was born at Antioch, in 347, became Bishop of Mopsuestia, and died in the communion of the Church, 429. They are written by some of the most knowledgeable theologians in … The Epistles of John. The principal writers of this school were. In spite of this, however, his writings were of great value, and with the exception of St. Augustine, no writer of ancient times had such influence. Often they give a chapter by chapter or verse by verse exposition and analysis of individual books. St. Isidore of Pelusium said of him that if the Apostle St. Paul could have used Attic speech he would have explained his own Epistles in the identical words of St. John Chrysostom. Types of Commentaries: A Guide for Bible Readers. Hopefully, everyone has someone they can consult for answers to tough questions. He was followed by Nachmanides of Catalonia (died 1270), a doctor of medicine who wrote commentaries of a cabbalistic tendency; Immanuel of Rome (born 1270); and the Karaites Aaron ben Joseph (1294), and Aaron ben Elias (fourteenth century). He thus became the forerunner of Maimonides and the Catholic Schoolmen. "Commentaries on the Bible". Revelation. David Strauss (1808–74) applied this mythical explanation to the Gospels. He set about reconciling Pagan philosophy with the Old Testament, and for this purpose he made extensive use of the allegorical method of interpretation. The Mishna may be said to be a compilation of Jewish traditional moral theology, liturgy, law, etc. Through a personal narrative, Bible commentaries provide deeper understanding and insight into the Bible and can be used to ... Expository. The New International Version explains the point more clearly for most readers today, although the New King James is a more direct translation of the original language. You can easily find them in … He blogs at Between Two Worlds and Evangelical History. There were many commentaries published at Cambridge, Oxford, London, etc. For aggregated reviews of Bible commentaries, see the website Best Commentaries. The medieval writers were content to draw from the rich treasures left them by their predecessors. Besides his great labours on the Hexapla he wrote scholia, homilies, and commentaries on the Old and the New Testament. There are two schools of interpretation, that of Alexandria and that of Antioch. We have just added many new sources, including The Expositor's Bible Commentary, Bengel's Gnomon, Lange's Commentary, Hastings Great Texts and many more. Select a type with good explanations, either a Study Bible or a Student Bible. His principal followers were Zeller, Schwegler, Planck, Köslin, Ritsch, Hilgenfeld, Volkmar, Tobler, Keim, Hosten, some of whom, however, emancipated themselves from their master. Anselm of Laon, professor at Paris (twelfth century), wrote the Glossa Interlinearis, so called because the explanation was inserted between the lines of the Vulgate. The Gospel of John is seen to be steeped in early Jewish phraseology, and the words of Psalm 109 LXX Hebrew Bible 110], "The Lord said to my Lord", etc. Moses Mendelssohn of Berlin (died 1786), a friend of Lessing, translated the Pentateuch into German.