2. It is instructive to consider each of these hypotheses separately, attempting to suggest possible tests and ob-servations for each, even though only one pair represent mutually exclusive between climatic changes and social stability but do not conduct formal hypothesis tests of this association. Climate Science: Seeking Truth or Defending Consensus? - AIER . The main cause is the emission of greenhouse gases, mostly carbon dioxide (CO 2) and methane. Land‐use drives the temporal stability and magnitude of ... For historical climate in particular, the orbitally forced species' range dynamics (ORD) hypothesis suggests that Milankovitch climate oscillations, especially the Quaternary glacial-interglacial shifts, limited the distribution of many species to zones of long term spatiotemporal climate stability as consequence of these climate oscillations Resolving this is important for understanding extinction processes in general, for assessing the ecological roles of humans, and for conserving remaining megafaunal species, many of which . Anomalous Methane Trend . Climatic stability hypothesis. Designing an Optimal 'Tech Fix' Path to Global Climate Stability: . Christian Hof. Still, we know little about how soil microbial communities will be affected by disturbances expected with climate change. If the 'hard life' hypothesis is less relevant to hornbills, the primary mechanism linking climate to cooperation across the family may be 'habitat saturation', which predicts the opposite relationship with climatic stability [8,18]. PDF Cloud feedback mechanisms and their representation in ... KW - Biodiversity. 2009). This "community synchrony" can alter the stability of its aggregate properties. But a hypothesis is just that. Land use, but not climate, affected the temporal stability of microbial functions (Table 3). Climate change, the periodic modification of Earth's climate caused by atmospheric changes and the atmosphere's interactions with geologic, chemical, biological, and geographic factors. areas of high climatic stability are predicted to warm . KW - Competition . In Transcendent by Stephen Baxter, averting such a crisis is a major plotline. Here are his lightly edited responses. Climate-driven ecological stability as a globally shared cause of Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions: the Plaids and Stripes Hypothesis Daniel H. Mann1,∗, Pamela Groves2, Benjamin V. Gaglioti3 and Beth A. Shapiro4 1Department of Geosciences and Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA Climate.gov interviewed Dr. Potts by telephone on September 29, 2016. 16. . The second type of stability, called structural stability, refers to how the . 5 This corresponds to 0.2-0.8 per cent of global investment flows, or just 0.06-0.21 per cent of projected global GDP, in 2030. 1990). Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, National Museum of Natural Sciences (CSIC), Madrid, Spain. KW - Compensation. Potts developed the variability selection hypothesis of human origins, linking key human traits to a process of adaptation to climate variability and uncertainty. Climatic stability resulted in the evolution of more bird species . snowball Earth hypothesis: testing the limits of global change. We have seen that the climate system is a complex association of interacting components, each having an intrinsic time scale . According to the hypothesis inference, the variability of heavy metals should be the highest because there is no physiological need for them, and the variability of microelements and macroelements was minimal. Given that the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has risen 40 percent since 1750 and that CO 2 is a greenhouse gas, a reasonable hypothesis is that the increase in CO 2 has caused, and is causing, global warming. It stated that methane hydrates—frozen water cages containing methane gas found below the ocean floor . From a human perspective, the rapid climate change and accelerating biodiversity loss risks human security (e.g. hypothesis for past, present, and future climate. Global warming is the long-term heating of Earth's climate system observed since the pre-industrial period (between 1850 and 1900) due to human activities, primarily fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth's atmosphere. KW - Compensation. to climate change. Selecting for stability. We focus on assemblages of species or species pairs in which competition is known or suspected to be strong by focusing on species that are trophically and morpholog-ically similar. Over the past century, the climate has changed on Earth. In the late 1960s, Lovelock had postulated that particular control mechanisms require feedback loops to ensure stability. Therefore, this . Current global funding for adaptation is a fraction of this figure and access to these funds for developing countries is often lengthy The second type of stability, called structural stability, refers to how the . We test the crop diversity-stability hypothesis using 50 years (1961-2010) of annual harvest data on 176 crop species for each of 91 populous nations from the FAOSTAT database (Extended Data . Modern human civilization, with its permanent agriculture and settlements, has developed over just the past 10,000 years or so. The Gaia Hypothesis is the idea that life, or Gaia, plays a critical role in maintaining Earth's habitability, including its oxygen-rich atmosphere, the salinity of its oceans, and its relatively stable climate.
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